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mankeli
Registered: Oct 2010
Posts: 146 |
How to flags?
I want to set a flag in NMI, basically
lda flags
ora #setbits
sta flags
then I want to check & clear the flag in main routine, and branch if the flag was not set. But since it's not possible to suppress nmi by SEI, I can't make a critical section around the handler. There will be always several instructions.
It's preferrable that the checking code would be only in one place. Currently i have
lda flags
and #testbits
php
eor flags
sta flags
plp
beq skip
..
skip:
I suspect there's a way to do this without the critical section but just wondering if someone knows already. |
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mankeli
Registered: Oct 2010
Posts: 146 |
yeah,
lda flags
# if nmi sets the tested flag here, it will be
# overwritten by zero, others get eor'red in
eor flags
# if nmi sets any flag here it's forgotten
sta flags
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Hoogo
Registered: Jun 2002
Posts: 105 |
The NMI should access and set a flag anytime, and the main loop will process a flag when it has time. It does not matter if the NMI has set the flag already twice before it is processed?
Maybe you can duplicate all flags and make it an array of 2 elements? One element is read by the mainloop, the other is written by NMI, and the main loop switches the index when done.
But using single bits of a byte as flags creates quite some overhead in code. If you don't have a "real" array of flags... maybe it is not worth it at all?
I would prefer CJs first solution.
--------------------
Here's a real lock, but it's of no use here. Here it does nothing more than a flag that denies NMI access to the flags.
lda#$4d ; eor abs
lock sta *
beq locked
....
lda#8d ;sta abs
sta lock |
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oziphantom
Registered: Oct 2014
Posts: 490 |
your main code never touches the flags, only the NMI does..
so you have
MainLastState .byte ?
NMIFlags .byte ?
the NMI toggles the flags rather than set and forget.
and then you do
lda MainLastState
-
cmp NMIFlags
beq -
lda NMIFlags
sta MainLastState
and thus your main code looks for a state change, rather than a value. |
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mankeli
Registered: Oct 2010
Posts: 146 |
I like your idea oziphantom! Downside of this is that if nmi can't "set" the flag twice, but it shouldn't be a problem.
And hoogo, I already settled on cj's idea. (it's true it creates overhead in code too) But just wanted to see if it's possible. |
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oziphantom
Registered: Oct 2014
Posts: 490 |
then get the NMI it set it to the opposite of last flags, thus if it "sets it again" it will still be read as "set" by the main routine. |
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mankeli
Registered: Oct 2010
Posts: 146 |
Also one suggestion from TNT/BF (his account is deleted):
This method has a byte per flag, but allows it to queue max 255 sets.
NMI:
INC flag
test:
LDA oldstate
CMP flag
BEQ noflagset
INC oldstate
JSR do_something
noflagset: |
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Hoogo
Registered: Jun 2002
Posts: 105 |
For that, a DEC should do, too.
NMI:
INC flag
test:
LDA flag
BEQ noflagset
DEC flag
JSR do_something
noflagset: |
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JeeK
Registered: Nov 2019
Posts: 4 |
I would suggest to use a semaphore which protects a bit field of flags. The semaphore protects in the main program the manipulation of the bit field and prevents a race condition on it.
The semaphore could be realized by means of a byte location where a value of 0 represents a set semaphore. It's some limited style of concurrent programming because the "NMI" task is always atomic, not interruptible by the "main program" task.
Therefore the main program does not need to busy wait on the semaphore or to skip. If it manipulates the bit field it sets the semaphore to enter the critical section with mutual exclusive access to the bit field. If the NMI appears while in the critical section, the bit manipulation from NMI is "masked". The main program task is the dominant part.
init:
lda #$ff ; initialize semaphore
sta sema
rts
NMI:
...
inc sema ; atomic set & test
bne skip ; if sema = 1, semaphore was set (sema=0)
; and main program is in critical section!
; otherwise:
lda #1 ; bit 0 flag of a flag set
ora flags
sta flags
skip dec sema ; restore (regarded as atomic with inc sema)
...
rti
prog:
inc sema ; atomic set & test (sema = 0)
; semaphore set
critical:
lda flags ; mutual exclusive
and #1
php ; get flag's state
lda flags ; clear bit 0 flag
and #255-1
sta flags
dec sema ; (sema = $ff)
; semaphore cleared as soon as possible
end_critical:
plp ; restore bit 0 state
beq not_set
jsr do_something ; if bit 0 was set
not_set:
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